Cabbage Farming in Kenya (2025 Guide): Best Practices, Costs, and Profits
- BeyondForest
- Nov 28, 2024
- 8 min read
Updated: Oct 1
2.)Business Plan for Cabbage Farming (Downloadable PDF)
5.)Cost of Cabbage Farming per Acre
6.)Expected Yield and Profit Margins
brokers will always be there -Tevin
Cabbage scientifically known as Brassica oleracea is a leafy vegetable widely grown in Kenya. Its popularity stems from its versatility in culinary use, high nutritional value, and relatively short growing cycle.
According to Simlaw Seeds 100g of Cabbage seeds can fit one acre
Image of Vonnies Ombiro Onkoba standing on his Cabbage Farm
The crop thrives in various regions of Kenya, such as Central Kenya, Rift Valley, and Western Kenya, where the climate is favorable. Cabbage grows best at altitudes ranging from 1,200 to 2,500 meters above sea level.
Because there is rain everywhere managu,saga,mchicha, mchunga,mlenda,etc are in plenty so the market for cabbages is complicated -Joseph
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NB. Cabbage require regular watering.
Cabbage needs nitrogen in early stages.
Cabbage needs full sunshine for about 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight per day.
The crop requires a cool climate with temperatures between 15°C and 20°C. Higher temperatures may lead to bolting or reduced head quality. Well-drained loamy soils with a pH of 6.0 to 6.5 are ideal for cabbage. Cabbage requires consistent moisture throughout its growth period. However, excessive rainfall can lead to waterlogging and diseases.
I had 40,000 out of 50,000 heads harvested in a record three days at 50Ksh on a 5 acre farm in Laikipia - Marii Grace
Acidic soils should be amended with lime before planting.
Kenyan farmers grow several cabbage varieties suited for different regions and markets. Gloria F1 is the most popular hybrid, known for its uniform, compact heads, high yield, and resistance to black rot.
Copenhagen Market is an open-pollinated variety, preferred by small-scale farmers for its affordability, though it matures slightly later. Pruktor F1 and Riana F1 are hybrids valued for heat tolerance and faster maturity, ideal for warmer areas. Victoria F1 produces firm, medium-sized heads and stores well.
Planting in the off-season or using irrigation can help farmers target higher market prices and maximize returns.
Staggered planting every 2–3 weeks is recommended to ensure a continuous supply and take advantage of high market prices during dry seasons when supply is low and demand is high.
Gloria F1 |
Victoria F1 |
Amani F1 |
Pruktor F1 |
Winner F1 |
Kilimo F1 |
Pretoria F1 |
Coppenhagen |
Escazu F1 |
baraka f1 |
Synovia F1 |
Tropical f1 |
Mila f1 |
STar 3316 F1 |
Kiboko F1 |
Fanaka |
kilimo f1 |
Choosing the right variety depends on climate, disease pressure, and target market to maximize yields and profitability.
Black rot is a disease thru Fungus.. so if you can protect it as early as possible the best.. no cabbage is more resistant than other..- Timothy
Business Plan for Cabbage Farming (Downloadable PDF)
A business plan guides cabbage farmers in budgeting inputs, scheduling planting for peak prices, and estimating expected profits. It helps secure funding, minimize losses from pests or market fluctuations, and ensures efficient use of resources, leading to higher yields and sustainable, profitable farming operations.
NB /Agriculture is not about size it's about timing and consistency
Market analysis helps farmers understand demand trends, price fluctuations, and buyer preferences. By studying local markets, hotels, schools, and potential export opportunities, cabbage farmers can plan production to match high-price seasons, minimize oversupply, and position their produce competitively, ensuring consistent sales and better returns throughout the year.
Image of Copenhagen Market cabbage by Agroduka
According to Simlaw 1g has about 200 seeds of Cabbage
A production plan outlines every step from land preparation to harvesting. It includes nursery setup, transplanting schedule, fertilizer application, pest control, and irrigation plans. This ensures optimal plant health, uniform maturity, and maximum yields per acre, making cabbage farming more predictable, efficient, and profitable for both small and large-scale farmers.
90% of cabbage farming in Kenya is rainfed, people who produce cabbages with irrigation make serious money, wako soko peke yao -Edwin
Cabbage I never bother with it during the rainy season since everyone will grow it, lanina drought is coming back from October cabbage price will shoot up from Dec that is when I plant - Edu
dry season cabbages are always expensive most areas a big cabbage will go for 70 bob,
My fellow farmer when calculating your expected income from Agribusiness always use the minimum amount,in this case the cabbage should be at 30 bob as the minimum price- Waly
Cabbage thrives in Kenya’s cool, high-altitude regions with well-drained fertile soils. Key production areas include Nyandarua, Nakuru, Meru, Kiambu, Murang’a, and Kericho, where temperatures range between 15–20°C and rainfall is adequate. In Rift Valley, areas like Molo and Njoro are leading producers supplying Nairobi and other markets.
Central Kenya farmers grow cabbage year-round using both rain-fed and irrigation systems. In drier counties such as Laikipia and Kajiado, drip irrigation supports production for urban demand.
Under shade net and proper irrigation Cabbage Can do well in dry regions such as Wajir and Mandera
One month three days cabbages by Abu Abuu Mukunyaa
Best Month to Plant Cabbages in Kenya
The best months to plant cabbages in Kenya are March to May (long rains) and September to November (short rains), as these seasons provide adequate moisture and cool temperatures ideal for cabbage growth. Cabbages thrive in temperatures between 15–20°C, making high-altitude areas especially productive. For farmers with access to irrigation, cabbage can be grown year-round, but avoiding extreme heat ensures better head formation and reduces bolting.
Key Nutrients for Cabbages
Nitrogen (N) | Promotes leafy growth, essential during early growth stages. |
Phosphorus (P) | Supports root development and early establishment. |
Potassium (K) | Enhances head formation, disease resistance, and quality. |
Calcium (Ca) | Prevents disorders like tip burn. |
Magnesium (Mg) | Supports photosynthesis. |
Boron (B) | Prevents hollow stems and other deformities. |
Molybdenum (Mo) | Helps in nitrogen utilization. |
I know someone who bought a new dmax from 10 acres of cabbage when one was going for 70 bob farm gate- Edu Mkuu
Land Preparation
Plow the land to a fine tilth to ensure good root penetration ,add organic manure or compost to improve soil fertility. Avoid planting cabbage in soils that previously hosted other brassica crops to minimize disease risks.
Seed Selection and Nursery Preparation
Use certified seeds from reputable suppliers. Prepare a nursery bed in a well-drained location. Sow seeds 1 cm deep and cover lightly with soil. Water regularly to maintain moisture but avoid overwatering.
Image of Cabbage Intercropped with Mexican Marigold to Keep Pests away
Transplanting
Transplant seedlings when they are 4–6 weeks old and have 4–6 true leaves. Space plants 45 cm apart in rows spaced 60 cm apart to allow for good aeration and growth.
Crop Management
Ensure consistent watering, especially during dry spells. Weeding Keeps the field weed-free to reduce competition for nutrients.
Apply nitrogen-rich fertilizers during the vegetative stage and potassium-rich fertilizers during head formation.
Pest and Disease Management
Common pests include aphids, diamondback moths, and cabbage loopers. Use integrated pest management (IPM) methods such as natural predators and targeted pesticide application.
Diseases like black rot, clubroot, and powdery mildew are prevalent. Practice crop rotation and apply fungicides as needed.
Harvesting
Harvest cabbage heads when they are firm and fully formed, typically 75–120 days after transplanting, depending on the variety.
Cost of Cabbage Farming per Acre
The cost of cabbage farming per acre in Kenya typically ranges between KSh 95,000 and 120,000, depending on location, input prices, and whether irrigation is used.
Middlemen buy them at sh40 to sh 60 per cabbage at the farm- Gary
The best farm gate price in the last 3 years was between 15-20 kshs a piece.- Waititu
Land Preparation (Ploughing + Harrowing) | 15,000 |
Seeds (120–150g Gloria F1 Hybrid) | 6,500 – 7,500 |
Fertilizers (DAP, CAN, NPK) | 25,000 |
Manure & Soil Treatment | 10,000 |
Pesticides & Fungicides | 15,000 |
Labor (Nursery to Harvest) | 30,000 |
Irrigation & Miscellaneous | 10,000 |
Total Estimated Cost | 101,500 – 115,500 |
We excluded land lease cost. Well-managed farms yield 14,000–20,000 heads per acre, generating KSh 200,000–300,000, leaving a healthy profit margin.
Expected Yield and Profit Margins
Profit Projection per Acre (Cabbage Farming)
Scenario | Market Price per Head (KSh) | Heads per Acre | Gross Revenue (KSh) | Net Profit (After Costs) |
Low Market Price | 20 | 15,000 | 300,000 | 185,000 |
Average Market Price | 25 | 15,000 | 375,000 | 260,000 |
High Market Price | 30 | 15,000 | 450,000 | 335,000 |
Challenges facing Cabbage Farming
Pests and Diseases
Heavy infestations can significantly reduce yields. Farmers must invest in pest control measures.
Unpredictable Weather
Climate change has led to erratic rainfall patterns, impacting crop production.
Market Fluctuations
Price volatility can affect profitability.
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High Input Costs
Fertilizers, certified seeds, and pesticides can be expensive, especially for small-scale farmers.
How to plant gloria f1 cabbage
Prepare a fine tilth nursery bed, sow seeds 1–2 cm deep, water lightly, and cover with mulch. Transplant after 3–4 weeks when seedlings have 4–5 true leaves, spacing 60 × 45 cm or 60 × 60 cm depending on variety.
Negative Effects of Cabbage on Ladies
Eating excessive raw cabbage may cause bloating, gas, or thyroid interference (goitrogens). It may also worsen IBS symptoms for sensitive individuals. Moderation is recommended.
Is cabbage healthier raw or cooked
Both are healthy. Raw cabbage retains maximum vitamin C and antioxidants, while light steaming enhances some antioxidants like indole-3-carbinol. Avoid over-boiling to prevent nutrient loss.
Which is the best month to plant cabbages?
March–May and September–November are ideal due to reliable rainfall. Under irrigation, cabbage can be grown year-round.
How many cabbages per acre?
With proper spacing, one acre produces 14,000–16,000 cabbage heads at 60 × 60 cm spacing, or up to 20,000 heads at closer 45 × 45 cm spacing.
How long do cabbages take to mature?
Gloria F1 matures in 75–90 days after transplanting. Some hybrid varieties may mature in as little as 65 days.
Is cabbage farming profitable?
Yes. Well-managed one-acre farm can yield KSh 400,000–600,000 gross income depending on market prices, with 40–50% profit margins after costs.
Is cabbage a carbohydrate or vitamin
Cabbage is a low-calorie vegetable, mainly fiber and water, rich in vitamin C, K, and folate. It contains small amounts of carbohydrates but is not a starchy food.
Cabbage boosts immunity, aids digestion, supports heart health, helps in weight management, and has cancer-fighting antioxidants like sulforaphane.
Best time to plant Cabbage In Kenya
Cool seasons with moderate rainfall (March–May, September–November) are best. In very hot areas, use irrigation to maintain moisture.
What makes cabbage grow faster?
Adequate watering, balanced fertilizer (NPK 17:17:17), timely weeding, pest control, and proper spacing help cabbages grow faster and form firm heads.
How many grams of Gloria F1 cabbage per acre?
It takes 120–150 grams of hybrid Gloria F1 seed to plant one acre.
Which is the best fertilizer for cabbage?
Start with DAP or well-decomposed manure at planting, then top-dress with CAN or urea two times (3 and 6 weeks after transplanting). Add NPK 17:17:17 for balanced growth.
Recommended spacing is 60 × 45 cm for medium heads and 60 × 60 cm for larger heads.
Is cow manure good for cabbage?
Yes. Well-decomposed cow manure improves soil fertility, adds organic matter, and boosts head size. Avoid fresh manure as it can burn seedlings.
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