Mombasa Annual Development Plan 2024-2025 -Key Projects
- BeyondForest
- Oct 25
- 10 min read
Updated: Oct 26
1.)Mombasa ADP and why it matters
2.)Mombasa County’s Strategic Priorities for 2024/25
3.)Mombasa Budget Allocation & Funding Sources
4.)Mombasa Funding Sources for 2024/25
6.)Mombasa Performance Review of Previous Year (2022/23)
7.)What Mombasa Residents, Businesses & Investors Should Expect
Mombasa Annual Development Program and why it matters
Mombasa’s population was 1,208,303 in 2019 and is projected to rise to 1,311,860 in 2023 and 1,422,443 by 2027.
Image of a City skyline with tall buildings In Mombasa
The ADP is not a technical bureaucracy memo — it is a map of what Mombasa intends to build, fund, and regulate next year. For residents it signals changes to services (water, roads, sanitation)
The ADP estimates Ksh 8.4 billion to implement priority projects in 2024/25. The largest allocations are earmarked for:
Water, Natural Resources & Climate Resilience (≈25% of capital allocation)
Lands, Planning & Housing/Urban Renewal (≈22%)
Transport & Infrastructure (≈12%)
For investors it flags priority sectors and procurement windows; for tourism operators it shows where county support will push visitor experiences; for NGOs and donors it clarifies gaps the County expects partners to fill.
Image of a Blue ferry near a busy dock with people at Likoni
Working-age population (15–64 years) is expected to grow from 64.5% in 2023 to 65.8% in 2027, opening a potential demographic dividend by 2031.
The plan ties into the CIDP 2023–2028 and national Bottom-Up Economic Transformation Agenda (BETA), meaning projects have both local and national alignment.
Aerial View of Moi International Airport
Mombasa County budget outlook across three years:
→Ksh 14.7B (2023/24)
→ Ksh 14.5B (2024/25)
→ Ksh 14.6B (2025/26).
Image of a Street scene at dusk with people walking In Mombasa
Funding sources the County expects to tap include the national equitable share, Own Source Revenue (OSR), conditional grants, PPPs and development partner support. Notably, Mombasa still relies heavily on the national equitable share (62% of revenue in 2022/23) while OSR remains around one-third — a structural fragility the County recognizes and is trying to address.
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Mombasa County’s Strategic Priorities for 2024-2025
Image of an Excavator on grassy field with mounds of earth at Mombasa Stadium
The Mombasa County Annual Development Plan 2024/25 outlines a set of strategic priorities designed to stimulate economic recovery, improve service delivery, and enhance the quality of life for residents, while positioning the county as a competitive commercial and tourism hub. These priorities are aligned to the CIDP 2023–2028, the national BETA agenda, and long-term development frameworks such as Vision 2030.
Key Achievements included Training of 5,500 stakeholders, 350 acres ploughed, 13 shade-net irrigation units installed, vaccination of 7,331 livestock, training of BMUs, and acquisition of 3 modern fishing vessels for Nyali BMU under Go-Blue project.
1. Revitalizing Mombasa’s Economy
The county aims to accelerate job creation, boost local enterprise growth, and expand revenue streams through trade promotion, tourism revitalization, MSME support, and blue economy investments. The goal is to enhance household incomes and stimulate sustainable economic activity across all sub-counties.
2. Access to Clean Water, Sewer and Stormwater Services
Water security remains a top priority due to chronic shortages and aging infrastructure. The county plans to expand water supply networks, modernize sewer systems, improve stormwater drainage, and integrate climate-resilient infrastructure to reduce flooding and health risks.
Image of a blue ferry docked near an industrial port In Likoni
3. Solving Public Transport Challenges
With rapid urbanization and expanding population density, Mombasa seeks to ease mobility constraints through road rehabilitation, integrated transport planning, improved traffic safety, and efficient public transport systems that reduce congestion and support business productivity.
Health Services overspent by 158%, indicating emergency needs or budget pressure.
Youth, Gender, Sports & Culture used only 23.5% of its funds—showing weak absorption.
Transport & Infrastructure performed well at 101.8% utilization, signaling stronger execution capacity.
4. Prioritizing Social Welfare & Improving Quality of Life
The county commits to expanding social safety nets, improving access to healthcare, education, sports and youth empowerment programmes, and strengthening social inclusion for women, youth and persons with disabilities. This priority aims to build a healthier, more cohesive and empowered community.
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5. Entrenching Good Governance
To improve trust, accountability and service efficiency, the county intends to enhance transparency, streamline public service management, strengthen oversight systems, and adopt participatory governance practices that place citizens at the center of decision-making.
The 2024/25 budget is intentionally structured to balance service delivery, infrastructure expansion, and social welfare while actively seeking diversified financing beyond national transfers.
Recognizing its heavy reliance on national allocations, the county aims to reform revenue administration, grow Own Source Revenue (OSR), enhance budget absorption rates, and implement prudent financial management systems that ensure value for money in public spending.
Public Service Improvements
Construction of ward service centers (Changamwe): Ksh 38M
New sub-county/ward offices (Changamwe, Kisauni, Nyali, Jomvu): Ksh 75M
Establishment of city boroughs across 6 sub-counties: Ksh 50M
7. Investing in Education
Mombasa county prioritizes expanding access to quality Early Childhood Education (ECDE), vocational and digital skills training, and modernizing learning infrastructure. The focus is to equip learners and youth with competitive skills relevant to a technology-driven economy.
Aerial View of Technical University of Mombasa
8. Promoting Cohesion, Eliminating Gangs & Battling Drug Abuse
Mombasa plans to address social instability caused by youth gangs and substance abuse through community rehabilitation initiatives, empowerment programmes, policing collaboration, and psychosocial support systems aimed at restoring safety and dignity in affected neighborhoods.
9. Modernizing Solid Waste Management
The county seeks to adopt modern, sustainable waste collection, recycling, and disposal models to keep the city clean, protect public health, and preserve its attractiveness as a tourism and investment destination. This includes upgrades to waste infrastructure and promoting circular economy models.
Image of Mombasa Water Supply & Sanitation
10. Leveraging Technology for a Smart City
Digital transformation remains a cross-cutting enabler. The county intends to automate services, integrate smart technology in governance, expand digital access, and support tech-driven innovation to enhance service efficiency, data-based decision-making, and economic competitiveness.
Mombasa Budget Allocation & Funding Sources
Implementation of Mombasa’s Annual Development Plan (ADP) 2024/25 is projected to require approximately Ksh 8.4 billion in capital and development expenditure.
In addition to sector allocations, the ADP includes targeted grants, with Ksh 799 million set aside for community-focused programmes such as bursaries for learners across different education levels.
This allocation reflects a deliberate shift toward high-impact, service-delivery programmes that directly improve residents’ livelihoods and address long-standing structural challenges. The county prioritizes sectors with the highest socio-economic returns and greatest service gaps. The top beneficiaries of the 2024/25 development budget include:
Priority Sector | Approx. Share of Capital Allocation |
Water, Natural Resources & Climate Resilience | ≈25% |
Lands, Housing & Urban Renewal | ≈22% |
Transport & Infrastructure | ≈12% |
To finance the ADP, the county will rely on a mix of internal and external funding mechanisms:
1. National Equitable Share
The 2024/25 plan echoes the need to gradually reduce this reliance to improve financial autonomy.
The largest portion of county revenue continues to come from the National Treasury. In 2022/23, equitable share accounted for 62% of total revenue received by Mombasa, illustrating the county’s high dependence on national transfers.
2. Own Source Revenue (OSR)
Locally generated revenue remains the second-largest contributor. In 2022/23, OSR stood at Ksh 3.99 billion, representing 33% of total revenue—up by Ksh 875 million from the previous year, signaling improvement in local collection efforts.
3. Conditional Grants & Development Partner Support
The county plans to strengthen collaboration with donors, bilateral agencies, NGOs, and community-based initiatives for 2024/25.
The county benefits from conditional grants tied to specific sectors such as health, water, and urban resilience. In 2022/23, development partner grants totaled Ksh 666.8 million, highlighting the importance of external financing in capital-intensive projects.
4. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs)
To accelerate infrastructure, tourism, and housing programmes, the county will pursue PPPs as an alternative financing model to reduce pressure on public funds. This is especially relevant for large-scale urban renewal, waste-to-energy, markets infrastructure, and waterfront tourism development.
5. Community and Private Sector Contributions
Some localized development initiatives will draw support from community groups, cooperatives, and private sector actors aligned with the county’s sustainability agenda.
Mombasa Flagship Projects to Watch in 2024/25
1. Water, Sewerage & Climate Resilience Projects
Water and climate resilience projects constitute the single largest priority area, receiving approximately 25% of capital funding.
Reduced disease outbreaks, improved hygiene and living conditions, enhanced tourism standards, and climate-proofed communities.
Key initiatives include:
Expansion of Water Supply and Distribution Networks: Targeting high-density and underserved neighborhoods to reduce rationing and improve reliability of potable water.
Modernization of Sewer and Stormwater Systems: Construction and rehabilitation of sewer lines, improved drainage infrastructure, and flood-mitigation measures in flood-prone zones.
Climate Adaptation Interventions: Initiatives promoting sustainable water resource management and resilience planning to counter rising sea levels and extreme weather patterns.
2. Urban Housing, Settlements & Renewal
With 22% of development resources earmarked for Lands, Housing & Urban Renewal, the county intends to address overcrowding, informal settlements, and deteriorating urban infrastructure.
More decent housing options, reduced pressure on inner-city estates, improved urban livability, and increased investor confidence in real estate.
Flagship components include:
Urban Renewal & Settlement Upgrading: Improving housing conditions, access roads, drainage, and basic services in informal settlements.
Affordable Housing Partnerships: Collaboration with private sector and national housing programs to deliver mixed-income housing solutions.
Land-Use Planning & Spatial Development: Strengthening urban land-use controls to protect public land, reduce conflict, and enable orderly urban expansion.
Image of Kenya Ports Authority Terminal
3. Transport, Roads & Infrastructure Development
Transport receives approximately 12% of capital investment, with targeted interventions to improve mobility
Reduced travel time, improved logistics, greater business productivity, and enhanced commuter experience for residents and tourists.
Key focus areas
Road Rehabilitation & Upgrading: Upgrading key road corridors and access roads to improve connectivity across sub-counties.
Traffic Safety & Transport Planning: Measures aimed at reducing road accidents, improving signage, and strengthening mobility planning.
Stormwater and Roads Integration: Road designs integrated with proper drainage systems to prevent flooding and road surface deterioration.
Image of Kenya Ferry In Mombasa
Education reforms in 2024/25 include investments in Early Childhood Development Education (ECDE), vocational training, and digital infrastructure.
A digitally skilled workforce, improved public service access, and stronger youth employment prospects.
Core initiatives include:
Modernizing ECDE Centres & Equipping Classrooms: To enhance foundational learning quality.
Digital Skills, ICT Infrastructure & E-Government: Expansion of digital platforms for county services and training of youth in ICT and innovation-based skills.
5. Tourism, Culture & Trade Revitalization
Tourism remains a central pillar of Mombasa’s economy. The county will continue to implement programs to strengthen cultural assets, tourism attractions, and trade infrastructure.
Higher tourist arrivals, stronger local enterprise growth, more jobs, and a diversified revenue base.
Key initiatives:
Tourism Product Enhancement & Destination Appeal: Improved public spaces, cultural establishments, and coastal tourism infrastructure.
Support to SMEs & Local Traders: Business formalization, capacity building, and improved business environments to empower local entrepreneurs.
Marketing & Investment Promotion: Positioning Mombasa as a competitive tourism and commerce hub to attract domestic and international visitors.
Sports & Social Infrastructure Projects (2024/25)
Renovation budget allocations include:
Mwahima Stadium (Likoni): Ksh 100M
Uwanja wa Mbuzi (Kongowea): Ksh 20M
Bomu Stadium: Ksh 42M
3 volleyball courts in Likoni, Kisauni, Changamwe: Ksh 18M
2 beach soccer pitches in Nyali & Likoni: Ksh 20M
Total for sports projects: Ksh 230M
6. Social Welfare, Youth, Gender & Community Empowerment
The ADP recognizes social stability as a prerequisite for economic development. Planned programs aim to uplift youth, women, and vulnerable groups
In the 2022/23 financial year, Mombasa County recorded 89.3% overall budget utilization, signaling relatively strong expenditure performance at aggregate level.
Total revenue for 2022/23 was Ksh 12.23 billion against a projected Ksh 14 billion. Three revenue streams shaped this outcome:
National Equitable Share: Ksh 7.57B (62%)
Own Source Revenue (OSR): Ksh 3.99B (33%)
Development Partner Conditional Grants: Ksh 666.8M (5%)
However, a closer look at departmental spending reveals major imbalances in budget absorption across sectors. While some departments exceeded their allocations, others severely under-performed, hindering service delivery.
The county recorded a Ksh 875 million increase in total revenue compared to the previous year an encouraging improvement.
Health Services overspent at 158%, largely due to increased operational demands, emergency responses, and recurrent cost pressures.
Transport, Infrastructure & Public Works achieved 101.8% utilization, indicating effective implementation of road and infrastructure projects.
Youth, Gender, Sports & Cultural Affairs utilized only 23.5% of its allocation—one of the lowest absorption rates.
Devolution & Public Administration recorded 36.1% utilization, suggesting delays in projects tied to decentralization and governance capacity-building.
Challenges Affecting Delivery
Delayed exchequer funding slowed implementation of development projects.
Human resource gaps, including staff shortages, skill mismatches, limited training, and weak succession planning.
Inadequate policy and regulatory frameworks in sectors such as agriculture, youth, culture, livestock, fisheries, and urban administration.
Low absorption of development funds in social sectors, particularly youth, sports, gender, and community programs.
High cost of inputs, weak value-addition facilities, and climate-related shocks affecting food systems.
What Mombasa Residents, Businesses & Investors Should Expect
While progress is expected, delivery will rely on timely funding, efficient execution, and strong accountability.
Residents can expect noticeable improvements in water access, sanitation, roads, and settlement upgrades as the county focuses on essential services. Businesses will benefit from better mobility, digitized services, and renewed support for SMEs and tourism, creating a more enabling environment for growth. Investors should anticipate fresh opportunities in water, housing, solid waste, blue economy, and PPP-backed projects.
What key services will improve for residents in 2024/25?
Residents should expect better access to clean water, improved sewer and drainage systems, upgraded roads, and settlement improvements, especially in densely populated areas. These investments aim to enhance public health, safety, and overall living conditions.
Image of Nyali Bridge
Will the ADP create new job opportunities for locals?
Yes. The plan prioritizes job-creating sectors such as infrastructure development, tourism, SME support, and blue economy activities. Youth, women, and local traders are expected to benefit from new employment and empowerment programs.
How will businesses benefit from the 2024/25 plan?
Businesses will gain from improved road networks, better mobility, digitized county services, and initiatives supporting local trade and SMEs. A more attractive business environment is expected as infrastructure and tourism recover.
Which sectors offer the best investment opportunities in 2024/25?
Top investment openings lie in water and sanitation, housing and urban renewal, solid waste management, blue economy, tourism infrastructure, and public-private partnerships (PPPs).
Yes, but the county is working to reduce this dependency by expanding Own Source Revenue (OSR) and attracting private sector and development partner financing.
What challenges could affect the successful delivery of the ADP?
Possible delays may arise from late fund disbursement, implementation capacity gaps, regulatory bottlenecks, and low absorption of development funds in some sectors.
How will the plan improve tourism in Mombasa?
The county intends to enhance tourist sites, improve public spaces, support cultural activities, and upgrade infrastructure that affects visitor experience
Can citizens participate in monitoring project progress?
Yes. Public participation and oversight are encouraged. Residents are advised to track project announcements, attend county forums, and use civic platforms to monitor delivery
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